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Uns ist ein Kind geboren, BWV 142
''ドイツ語:Uns ist ein Kind geboren: BWV 142'' (For us a child is born) is a Christmas cantata composed by Johann Sebastian Bach around 1720 in Leipzig. While Bach is credited to this piece, it has been said that his predecessor, Johann Kuhnau, could have composed the piece. However, because of the uncertainty, it is attributed to Bach.〔Classical Net (Uns ist ein Kind geboren (Unto us a child is born) ), Classical Net, 1998〕
== Bach ==
During Bach's time in Weimar, he distanced himself from instrumental music and began focussing on vocal music. From 1713 on, he focused his energy on the cantata. In the 17th century and 18th century, the cantata was a genre of the Lutheran Church where poetic texts drawn from the Bible were set to music.〔Hanning, Barbara Russano (2014). Concise History of Western Music (5th ed.). W.W Norton and Company.〕 Because Bach was promoted to Concertmaster in 1714, he was required to write one cantata each month.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.baroquemusic.org/cantatas.html )〕 Using Erdmann Neumeister's text, which provided a new free form verse, similar to that of a madrigal, Bach set five of Erdmann Neumeister's texts to music, including this Christmas cantata.〔Boyd, Malcolm. "Erdmann Neumeister (Librettist)". Bach Cantatas Website. Oxford Composer Companion.〕 Bach was Johann Kuhnau’s successor as cantor at the Thomasschule in Leipzig. They had known each other since 1716, when Bach proved the new organ at Halle and met Kuhnau. Bach took influence from Kuhnau's works, like the Neue Clavierübung, which influenced Bach's own Goldberg Variations. Because of this influence in Bach's works, controversy arises over who composed ''‘Uns ist ein Kind geboren.’〔(【引用サイトリンク】first1=Timothy A. )〕
== Text ==
Erdmann Neumeister was a writer, theologian, pastor and theorist whose text was used by Bach in some of his cantatas, including BWV 18, BWV 24, BWV 28, BWV 59, and BWV 61. He wrote his first cantata text in 1695, consisting of biblical verses, strophic arias, and single choral strophes. 5 years later, he published ''Geistliche Cantaten staff einer Kirchen-Music'' ('Sacred Cantatas in Place of Liturgical Music') that contained recitatives and operatic arias. Cycles from 1711 and 1714 contained more biblical texts and chorales in his writings, mixing traditional German church music and the contemporary Italian opera.〔 In 1939, Sydney Biden provided the English translation for the cantata, ''For us a child is born.''
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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